Overview
Definition
Infarction of the optic nerve head.
Epidemiology
Varies globally depending on genetics, environment, or exposure.
Etiology & Risk Factors
- Arteritic (Giant Cell Arteritis) or Non-arteritic (Atherosclerosis).
Clinical Symptoms
- Sudden painless monocular vision loss
- swollen pale optic disc.
Clinical Approach
Diagnosis
- ESR/CRP (to rule out GCA).
Management
- High-dose steroids ONLY if arteritic (GCA). No proven treatment for non-arteritic.
Complications
- Permanent vision loss.