Chronic Kidney Disease

Nephrology

Overview

Definition

Gradual loss of kidney function over time.

Epidemiology

Affects ~10% of the global population.

Etiology & Risk Factors

  • Diabetes Mellitus
  • Hypertension
  • Glomerulonephritis

Clinical Symptoms

  • Often asymptomatic until advanced
  • Edema
  • Fatigue
  • Nausea

Clinical Approach

Diagnosis

  • eGFR < 60 mL/min for > 3 months
  • Proteinuria

Management

  • BP control (ACEi/ARB)
  • Blood sugar control
  • Dialysis/Transplant (End-stage)

Complications

  • End-Stage Renal Disease
  • Cardiovascular disease
  • Anemia