Colorectal Cancer

Oncology

Overview

Definition

Cancer of the colon or rectum.

Epidemiology

3rd most common cancer worldwide.

Etiology & Risk Factors

  • Adenomatous polyps
  • FAP/Lynch syndrome
  • Low fiber/High red meat diet
  • IBD

Clinical Symptoms

  • Change in bowel habits
  • Hematochezia/Melena
  • Unexplained weight loss
  • Iron deficiency anemia

Clinical Approach

Diagnosis

  • Colonoscopy with biopsy
  • Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT)

Management

  • Surgical resection
  • FOLFOX Chemotherapy
  • Targeted therapy (VEGF/EGFR inhibitors)

Complications

  • Liver metastasis
  • Bowel obstruction
  • Bowel perforation