Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

Endocrinology

Overview

Definition

Group of genetic disorders affecting adrenal steroidogenesis.

Epidemiology

Varies globally depending on genetics, environment, or exposure.

Etiology & Risk Factors

  • 21-hydroxylase deficiency (most common).

Clinical Symptoms

  • Salt-wasting (vomiting/hypotension in neonate)
  • ambiguous genitalia in females
  • precocious puberty in males.

Clinical Approach

Diagnosis

  • High 17-hydroxyprogesterone
  • Low cortisol/aldosterone.

Management

  • Lifelong glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid replacement.

Complications

  • Neonatal salt-wasting crisis
  • death.