Overview
Definition
Swollen veins in the lower rectum and anus.
Epidemiology
Varies globally. Often age and lifestyle dependent.
Etiology & Risk Factors
- Constipation, straining, pregnancy.
Clinical Symptoms
- Painless bright red blood per rectum (internal)
- painful swelling (external thrombosis).
Clinical Approach
Diagnosis
- Visual inspection
- Anoscopy.
Management
- High-fiber diet
- Sitz baths
- Rubber band ligation
- Hemorrhoidectomy.
Complications
- Severe thrombosis
- anemia.