HIV/AIDS

Infectious Disease

Overview

Definition

Viral infection that attacks the body's immune system, specifically CD4 T cells.

Epidemiology

~38 million people globally living with HIV.

Etiology & Risk Factors

  • Human Immunodeficiency Virus (sexual contact, blood, perinatal)

Clinical Symptoms

  • Acute: Flu-like symptoms
  • Chronic: Asymptomatic
  • AIDS: Opportunistic infections (PCP, Kaposi sarcoma)

Clinical Approach

Diagnosis

  • HIV-1/2 Antigen/Antibody combo assay
  • HIV Viral Load
  • CD4 count

Management

  • Antiretroviral therapy (ART) - Integrase inhibitors, NRTIs
  • PrEP for prevention

Complications

  • AIDS
  • Opportunistic infections
  • Malignancies