Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Cardiology

Overview

Definition

Genetic disorder characterized by unexplained left ventricular hypertrophy.

Epidemiology

Prevalence 1 in 500. Most common cause of sudden cardiac death in young athletes.

Etiology & Risk Factors

  • Autosomal dominant mutations in sarcomere genes (e.g., MYH7, MYBPC3)

Clinical Symptoms

  • Syncope with exertion
  • Angina
  • Palpitations
  • Harsh systolic murmur

Clinical Approach

Diagnosis

  • Echocardiogram
  • ECG
  • Genetic testing

Management

  • Beta-blockers
  • Avoid strenuous exercise
  • ICD placement
  • Myectomy

Complications

  • Sudden cardiac death
  • Heart failure
  • Atrial fibrillation