Overview
Definition
Brain infarction caused by compromised blood flow to an area of the brain.
Epidemiology
Leading cause of long-term disability.
Etiology & Risk Factors
- Thrombosis
- Embolism (e.g., from AFib)
- Systemic hypoperfusion
Clinical Symptoms
- Unilateral weakness
- Facial droop
- Aphasia
- Dysarthria
Clinical Approach
Diagnosis
- Non-contrast head CT (rule out bleed)
- MRI Brain
Management
- tPA/Alteplase (if < 4.5 hrs)
- Mechanical thrombectomy
- Aspirin/Statins
Complications
- Hemorrhagic transformation
- Cerebral edema
- Permanent disability