Overview
Definition
Hard deposits made of minerals and salts that form inside the kidneys.
Epidemiology
Lifetime risk of ~10%.
Etiology & Risk Factors
- Dehydration
- Hypercalciuria
- High-protein diet
- Gout
Clinical Symptoms
- Severe colicky flank pain radiating to groin
- Hematuria
- Nausea/Vomiting
Clinical Approach
Diagnosis
- Non-contrast CT Abdomen/Pelvis
- Ultrasound
Management
- Hydration
- Tamsulosin
- Lithotripsy
- Ureteroscopy
Complications
- Hydronephrosis
- Pyelonephritis
- Renal failure