Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2A (MEN 2A)

Endocrinology

Overview

Definition

Genetic syndrome causing multiple endocrine tumors.

Epidemiology

Varies globally depending on genetics, environment, or exposure.

Etiology & Risk Factors

  • Autosomal dominant mutation in the RET proto-oncogene.

Clinical Symptoms

  • Medullary thyroid cancer
  • Pheochromocytoma
  • Parathyroid hyperplasia.

Clinical Approach

Diagnosis

  • Genetic testing for RET mutation.

Management

  • Prophylactic thyroidectomy
  • tumor resection.

Complications

  • Malignancy
  • Hypertensive crisis.