Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Pulmonology

Overview

Definition

Repeated episodes of complete or partial upper airway obstruction during sleep.

Epidemiology

Prevalence 2-15% of adults, associated with obesity.

Etiology & Risk Factors

  • Anatomical airway narrowing
  • Obesity

Clinical Symptoms

  • Snoring
  • Daytime somnolence
  • Apneic episodes reported by partner

Clinical Approach

Diagnosis

  • Polysomnography (Sleep study)

Management

  • CPAP therapy
  • Weight loss
  • Oral appliances

Complications

  • Hypertension
  • Cor pulmonale
  • Arrhythmias