Osteoarthritis

Rheumatology

Overview

Definition

Degenerative joint disease caused by wear and tear of articular cartilage.

Epidemiology

Most common form of arthritis globally, highly age-dependent.

Etiology & Risk Factors

  • Mechanical stress
  • Aging
  • Obesity
  • Joint trauma

Clinical Symptoms

  • Joint pain worsening with activity
  • Morning stiffness < 30 minutes
  • Crepitus
  • Heberden/Bouchard nodes

Clinical Approach

Diagnosis

  • Clinical diagnosis
  • X-ray (joint space narrowing, osteophytes, subchondral sclerosis)

Management

  • Weight loss
  • Physical therapy
  • Acetaminophen/NSAIDs
  • Joint replacement surgery

Complications

  • Severe disability
  • Loss of mobility