Papilledema

Ophthalmology

Overview

Definition

Optic disc swelling caused by increased intracranial pressure.

Epidemiology

Varies globally depending on genetics, environment, or exposure.

Etiology & Risk Factors

  • Brain tumor, Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (Pseudotumor cerebri), Hydrocephalus.

Clinical Symptoms

  • Bilateral optic disc swelling
  • transient visual obscurations
  • headache
  • nausea.

Clinical Approach

Diagnosis

  • Fundoscopy
  • CT/MRI Brain
  • Lumbar Puncture.

Management

  • Treat underlying cause
  • Acetazolamide.

Complications

  • Irreversible optic atrophy and blindness.