Pheochromocytoma

Endocrinology

Overview

Definition

Catecholamine-secreting tumor of the adrenal medulla.

Epidemiology

Varies globally depending on genetics, environment, or exposure.

Etiology & Risk Factors

  • Sporadic, MEN 2A/2B, Von Hippel-Lindau, Neurofibromatosis Type 1.

Clinical Symptoms

  • Episodic headache
  • sweating
  • tachycardia (palpitations).

Clinical Approach

Diagnosis

  • 24-hr urine metanephrines
  • Plasma free metanephrines.

Management

  • Alpha-blockade (Phenoxybenzamine) BEFORE beta-blockade
  • Surgery.

Complications

  • Hypertensive crisis
  • Stroke.