Retinitis Pigmentosa

Ophthalmology

Overview

Definition

Inherited group of diseases causing progressive retinal degeneration.

Epidemiology

Varies globally depending on genetics, environment, or exposure.

Etiology & Risk Factors

  • Various genetic mutations affecting photoreceptors (rods first).

Clinical Symptoms

  • Night blindness (nyctalopia) in childhood
  • progressive loss of peripheral vision (tunnel vision)
  • bone spicule pigmentation on retina.

Clinical Approach

Diagnosis

  • Electroretinography (ERG)
  • genetic testing.

Management

  • Vitamin A supplementation (controversial)
  • Gene therapy (Luxturna for specific mutations).

Complications

  • Eventual blindness.