Overview
Definition
Chronic systemic autoimmune inflammatory disease primarily affecting joints.
Epidemiology
Affects ~1% of population, more common in women.
Etiology & Risk Factors
- Autoimmune destruction of synovial membrane
- HLA-DR4 association
Clinical Symptoms
- Symmetric polyarthritis
- Morning stiffness > 1 hour
- Swollen, warm, painful joints (MCP, PIP)
Clinical Approach
Diagnosis
- Rheumatoid Factor (RF)
- Anti-CCP antibodies
- X-ray (joint erosions)
Management
- DMARDs (Methotrexate)
- Biologics (TNF inhibitors)
- NSAIDs/Steroids for flares
Complications
- Joint deformities (swan neck, boutonniere)
- Cardiovascular disease