Rosacea

Dermatology

Overview

Definition

Chronic inflammatory condition causing facial erythema and telangiectasia.

Epidemiology

Common in fair-skinned adults aged 30-50.

Etiology & Risk Factors

  • Vascular hyperreactivity
  • Demodex mites
  • Triggers (heat, spicy food, alcohol, sunlight)

Clinical Symptoms

  • Facial flushing
  • Persistent central facial erythema
  • Inflammatory papules/pustules
  • Rhinophyma (thickened nasal skin in men)
  • Ocular irritation

Clinical Approach

Diagnosis

  • Clinical diagnosis
  • Absence of comedones (distinguishes from acne)

Management

  • Sun protection
  • Avoid triggers
  • Topical Metronidazole or Ivermectin
  • Oral tetracyclines (for papulopustular)
  • Laser therapy (for telangiectasias)

Complications

  • Rhinophyma (requires surgery)
  • Ocular rosacea (corneal ulcers)