Second-Degree AV Block (Mobitz Type I / Wenckebach)

Cardiology (Arrhythmia)

Overview

Definition

Progressive lengthening of the PR interval until a P wave is completely blocked (not followed by a QRS).

Epidemiology

Usually benign and transient.

Etiology & Risk Factors

  • High vagal tone
  • Inferior MI (AV node ischemia)
  • Medications

Clinical Symptoms

  • Usually asymptomatic
  • Occasionally lightheadedness

Clinical Approach

Diagnosis

  • ECG: Progressively lengthening PR interval until a dropped QRS ('Long, longer, longest, drop... now you have a Wenckebach')

Management

  • If asymptomatic: Observe
  • If symptomatic: Atropine, adjust medications. Rarely requires pacing.

Complications

  • Minimal risk of progression to complete heart block