Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP)

Hematology

Overview

Definition

Life-threatening microangiopathic hemolytic anemia.

Epidemiology

Medical emergency. Higher incidence in women.

Etiology & Risk Factors

  • Deficiency or autoantibody against ADAMTS13 (metalloprotease that cleaves vWF)

Clinical Symptoms

  • Pentad: Thrombocytopenia, Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia (MAHA), Neurologic symptoms, Renal failure, Fever

Clinical Approach

Diagnosis

  • Smear (Schistocytes)
  • High LDH
  • Low platelets
  • Normal PT/aPTT

Management

  • Immediate Plasmapheresis (Plasma exchange)
  • Corticosteroids
  • DO NOT give platelets

Complications

  • Stroke
  • Renal failure
  • Death (90% mortality if untreated)