Tuberculosis

Pulmonology

Overview

Definition

Infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Epidemiology

Affects ~1/4 of the global population (latent).

Etiology & Risk Factors

  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis (airborne transmission)

Clinical Symptoms

  • Chronic cough
  • Hemoptysis
  • Night sweats
  • Weight loss

Clinical Approach

Diagnosis

  • Acid-fast bacilli smear/culture
  • Chest X-ray (apical cavitations)

Management

  • RIPE therapy (Rifampin, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutol)

Complications

  • Extrapulmonary TB
  • Massive hemoptysis