Von Willebrand Disease

Hematology

Overview

Definition

Most common inherited bleeding disorder, affecting platelet adhesion.

Epidemiology

Affects up to 1% of the population.

Etiology & Risk Factors

  • Autosomal dominant quantitative or qualitative defect in von Willebrand Factor (vWF)

Clinical Symptoms

  • Mucocutaneous bleeding (epistaxis, easy bruising)
  • Heavy menstrual bleeding (menorrhagia)

Clinical Approach

Diagnosis

  • Prolonged bleeding time
  • Normal or slightly prolonged aPTT
  • Low Ristocetin cofactor assay

Management

  • Desmopressin (DDAVP)
  • vWF/Factor VIII concentrates
  • Tranexamic acid (antifibrinolytic)

Complications

  • Severe bleeding after dental extraction or surgery