Base Excess

Arterial Blood Gas

Normal Reference Ranges

Adult

-2 to +2 mEq/L

Pediatric

-2 to +2 mEq/L

Clinical Significance

Indicates the amount of strong acid or base required to return the pH to 7.4. Extremely useful for rapidly quantifying the severity of a metabolic disturbance.

Causes of High

  • Metabolic alkalosis (Base Excess > +2)

Causes of Low

  • Metabolic acidosis (Base Deficit < -2)