Normal Reference Ranges
Adult
1,000 - 4,000 cells/µL
Pediatric
3,000 - 9,500 (Higher in young children) cells/µL
Clinical Significance
Primary cells of the adaptive immune system (T and B cells). High counts suggest viral etiologies; very low counts are classical for advanced HIV infection.
Causes of High
- Viral infections (EBV, CMV, Pertussis)
- Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
- Lymphoma
Causes of Low
- HIV / AIDS
- Corticosteroids
- Sepsis
- Autoimmune disease (Lupus)
- Radiation therapy