Methylmalonic Acid (MMA)

Trace Elements & Nutrition

Normal Reference Ranges

Adult

0.08 - 0.56 µmol/L

Pediatric

N/A µmol/L

Clinical Significance

Highly sensitive marker to distinguish between Vitamin B12 and Folate deficiency. MMA is elevated in B12 deficiency but normal in folate deficiency.

Causes of High

  • Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) deficiency
  • Methylmalonic aciduria (genetic defect)
  • Renal insufficiency

Causes of Low

  • Normal finding